10 Oct 2026

Know when you can start exploiting your users

WhatsApp is a good example of two things:

  1. If the leadership only wants to make money, they’ll allow all sorts of spam into their platform as long as the spammers pay them.
  2. A product that needs network effects to succeed can become scummy and still remain dominant for a long time.

As a policy, I don’t block anyone on any social media. Blocking is burning bridges, and I don’t like doing that. But I make one exception: spammers on WhatsApp. Many of these spammers even have the “verified business” badge. While WhatsApp has turned into a cesspool of spam, I suppose Meta is happy to let the spam stay as long as spammers keep paying the “access fee”.

A few spammers I have blocked on WhatsApp

Some takeaways from this:

  • If you know that you have leverage, you can use it to extract value. WhatsApp is dominant in India and no one even comes close. They are exploiting that advantage to make money. (What WhatsApp and Meta do here is immoral in my opinion, but maybe they don’t see this as immoral. Or maybe extracting revenue is higher on their priority list.)
  • Be aware whether you do or don’t have leverage. If WhatsApp had started doing this too soon, that would have been like killing the golden goose. They waited long enough before letting all spammers in. Users don’t want to move away, and stay hooked. (Anyone remember the few “WhatsApp boycott” seasons we have seen in India?)

21 Jul 2026

Online discussions on taxes

The vast majority of online discussions about taxes, especially in India, is overly simplistic and often just plain dumb. The worst kind is reader comments to any post saying anything at all about taxes. Paying attention to those comments will not lead to anything productive; reading them only enrages us.

9 Jul 2026

Preventing duplicate keystrokes from bluetooth keyboards

I bought a cheap wireless keyboard a few months ago. While the keyboard was mostly fine, it sometimes repeated the same letter twice or thrice. For example, every few minutes, when I type a word like “India”, I see “Indiia” on the screen with an extra i. It was a mild annoyance for a while, so I was living with it. When I started making typos in design documents that I was creating at work, it started to be severe enough to require a solution.

The issue went away when I connected the keyboard using a cable, so this was clearly a bluetooth issue. I asked Gemini what the problem could be, and it said that the following could be happening:

  • The keyboard sends a keystroke to the computer over bluetooth.
  • The bluetooth transmission is slow, probably due to interference. The computer doesn’t receive it within the expected time.
  • The keyboard thinks the transmission was lost; it sends the same keystroke once again.
  • But the initial keystroke eventually arrives. Quickly after, the retransmission also arrives.
  • The keyboard thinks it sent only one keystroke (because the first transmission was lost), but the computer sees two keystrokes. Oops!

A solution

I feared I may have to buy a new keyboard. While a more expensive keyboard may be able to work more reliably despite interference, there is no guarantee that it will. Gemini suggested a different solution. Apparently there are software tools that can run in the background and drop duplicate keystrokes that arrive in quick succession. The KDE Plasma UI that I use has this feature built-in, but as an accessibility feature. It’s called Bounce Key. I enabled it with a timeout of 50ms. This configures the operating system UI to discard any duplicate keystrokes that are received within 50 milliseconds.

A nifty software solution for a hardware problem.

12 Jun 2026

Children show a mirror to us

I was watching a video of Palki Sharma’s on YouTube. My daughter, 8 years old, looked at me and said, “You are always watching videos of this woman.”

Then she pointed at the first video on the recommendation list and said, “videos of this woman and this man. You are always watching their videos.” The video she pointed at was one of Richard Murphy’s.

Children show a mirror to us, in which we can see our own habits, tastes, and loyalties (among others).

3 Jun 2026

Find your niche

I randomly remembered a line from a Tamil song, and I kept thinking about it for a few minutes. I wanted to make a drawing out of that line. I opened Google Gemini, entered an elaborate prompt, and got a pretty good image as the result.

The line from the song says, “Travelling on a cart, why are you carrying your things on your head? Put them on the cart, and the cart will carry them for you.”

I have had zero training in drawing. When I was a school student, drawing basic flowcharts using rulers and pencils would take me hours. I do not consider myself inclined or experienced in any way when it comes to drawing as an art.

Despite my lack of exposure and training, I was able to make this image fairly easily.

That’s the kind of enablement, or lowering the bar, generative AI has been doing. It has not made an artist overnight out of me. But it has enabled me to express myself in ways that were impossible before.

Technology increases quality of life

Back in the days, when electricity was not available everywhere, if someone had to listen to a song, there was no way other than to ask someone nearby to sing for them. Once electricity, cassette players, recorded songs (such as from movies) became prevalent, no one asked their friends or family to sing for them. Most people were able to listen to recorded performances of singers like TM Soundararajan or Lata Mangeshkar.

We can imagine that mediocre singers whose songs were accepted as “good enough” suddenly had to compete with Lata Mangeshkar and became “not” good enough. The advent of technology changed the world so that the quality of acceptable singing went way up.

Technology lowers the bar to entry

Technology benefited the experts by making them more accessible. But technology also lowered the bar to entry. (Not the same technology, but technology nonetheless.)

I am a good example for that. Without the internet and free publishing platforms, I may not have written as much as I have written in the past 20 years. As a writer I am not exactly good, but I have the platform I need to communicate, to share my ideas with others.

Generative AI agents are now lowering the entry bar even further: I was able to make an image just by describing it in words.

The importance of niches in the modern life

On the one side, the entry bar keeps getting lower—anyone can participate. On the other side, good stuff (such as content) keeps getting more accessible. The vast majority of content—blog posts, videos, podcasts, etc—will likely not find any audience at all. If you were an emerging creator, this can make you feel powerless. You can create, but most people may not find your work compelling.They would rather enjoy the works of the experts in your field.

There is a way to opt out of these impossible conditions: deliberately stop trying to compete with global (or even regional) superstars on their turf. Instead, find a niche where they are not even present.

Niches are, by definition, less crowded. It becomes relatively easier to find someone who likes what you create. Niches also tend to have less competition. A crude example: Richard Lindsay probably didn’t have to snatch Dido’s or Taylor Swift’s listeners for his Recorder in the Corner song. Dido listeners are not very likely to be present in Richard Lindsay’s niche.

If you are wondering what to do in life, maybe start by finding your niche. Unfortunately, finding your niche will also feel like an impossible task. Keep doing what you love and study the kinds of engagement you get. Your niche will likely be visible from the patterns you see in the engagement you get. You’ll often discover your niche only in hindsight, so keep creating and sharing what you create. Once you find your niche it can become easier.

Are niches only for artists?

Though I only mentioned singing and writing, finding a niche can help people in other professions too. Everyone, including the likes of plumbers, engineers, and tour operators, can—and should—focus on finding a niche where they can excel.